Croatian Inventions You Didn’t Know Changed the World

When people think about world-changing inventions, their minds usually wander to Silicon Valley, Germany, or Japan. But here’s a fun twist: a lot of everyday things you use or see were actually born in Croatia.

Yes, that little Adriatic gem is not only about turquoise seas and medieval towns — it also gave the world some pretty brilliant ideas.

The Necktie – A Fashion Classic

Back in the 17th century, Croatian soldiers wore knotted scarves as part of their uniform. The French noticed this and transformed it into the stylish accessory we now call a tie. Today, you can still find ties featuring the iconic Croatian checkerboard pattern at tourist destinations across the country — and Split is no exception. This makes for a unique souvenir that connects fashion history with Croatian heritage. Who knew a small piece of cloth from Croatia would become a global fashion staple?

The Parachute – Flying Ahead of Its Time

Centuries before skydiving became a sport, Šibenik-born polymath Faust Vrančić sketched and even tested the first parachute design, calling it “Homo Volans,” the flying man. His vision was centuries ahead, proving Croatia had its own Leonardo da Vinci.  You can learn more about his life and inventions at the Faust Vrančić Memorial Centre on Prvić Island, where models of his parachute and other inventions are on display. Want to visit? Take a ferry to Šibenik (1 hour), then another ferry to Prvić Luka (40 minutes).

Image: Sunset

The Lightbulb Filament – Shedding Brighter Light

Franjo Hanaman, a Croatian inventor, perfected the tungsten filament for electric lightbulbs. His work made bulbs last longer and light up the world more efficiently, turning a simple household item into a Croatian achievement that brightens our everyday life.

Fingerprints – A Croat in Crime-Solving History

Ivan Vučetić from Hvar developed a system for classifying fingerprints while working in Argentina. This system became the global standard for criminal identification, meaning every detective using fingerprints owes a nod to Croatian innovation. Y

Penkala – More Than Just a Pen

Slavoljub Eduard Penkala from Zagreb didn’t just invent the mechanical pencil; he also created one of the first refillable pens and held over 80 patents in his lifetime. He even worked on early aircraft. Next time you jot something down, you might be holding a tiny piece of Croatian ingenuity. In Croatia, word "penkalo" or "penkala" even means pen... and who knows? Maybe that's why it's even called a pen in English ;)

Telegraphy – Communication Made Smarter

Ferdinand Kovačević invented a duplex telegraph system, allowing messages to be sent both ways at the same time. This early communication breakthrough was like the 19th-century version of full-duplex internet, long before modern digital connections.

The Fishing Winch – Practical Innovation from the Sea

Mario Puratić, originally from Brač, designed a device to haul fishing nets from the water more efficiently. This simple but clever invention made life safer and easier for fishermen, and its influence spread far beyond Croatia. Ferries depart regularly from Split’s ferry port (Trajektna luka Split) to Supetar, the main town on Brač. The journey takes approximately 50 minutes.

Image: Brač Island, Zlatni Rat

Discover Split and Marulić

While in Split, take the opportunity to explore both the city’s rich history and its literary heritage. Wander through the charming old town, where cobblestone streets and historic buildings set the stage for a journey back in time. Don’t miss sites connected to Marko Marulić, the father of Croatian literature. Visit St. Francis Church, where Marulić was active and where cultural events honoring him are sometimes held. For a deeper dive, check out exhibitions or materials at the Marulić Library or local museums dedicated to Croatian literature. It’s a perfect way to connect with history and culture while enjoying the vibrant atmosphere of Split.

Also, when in Split - do not miss Junior - and sail in an unforgettable Adriatic adventure!

Why We Should Celebrate Croatian Ingenuity

From ties to telescopes, pens to parachutes, Croatians have quietly shaped the world in ways most people don’t realize. These inventions remind us that innovation isn’t always about the biggest stages; sometimes it sparks in small towns along the Adriatic coast.